SOLID is an acronym for five object-oriented design principles.
S – Single responsibility principle
O – Open-closed principle
L – Liskov substitution principle
I – Interface segregation principle
D – Dependency Inversion Principle
The intention behind these five principles is to promote flexible, understandable and maintainable code.
The Single Responsibility Principle asserts that a class should have only one responsibility. This single responsibility should be entirely encapsulated by the class.
The Open-Closed Principle specifies that software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.
The Liskov Substitution Principle asserts that a subtype, of type, property can be replaced by type property without altering the result or behaviour.
p(T) = p(S) => same result/behaviour
Interface segregation defines that interfaces should be small and focused instead of large and lost in functionality. In Object Oriented Programming a class can implement several interfaces so each class should only implement what is relevant to them.
Dependency Inversion determines that entities must depend on abstractions, not on concretions. A high-level module must not depend on a low-level module, and both should depend on abstractions. Following this principle reduces objects coupling.
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